Transformation toughening occurs every time a material undergoes tension-induced period transformation. Some ceramics are effective at undergoing strain-induced martensitic transformation, which entails an energy barrier that need to be overcome by absorbing energy.[23] Martensitic transformations are diffusionless shear transformations[24] involvi

The Meissner result demonstrated by levitating a magnet above a cuprate superconductor, which is cooled by liquid nitrogen Underneath some situations, like exceptionally lower temperatures, some ceramics exhibit high-temperature superconductivity (in superconductivity, "high temperature" suggests over thirty K). The explanation for it's not underst